The largest county in Illinois

There are two right answers. By land area it is McLean County; by population it is Cook County. Which one you want depends on what you meant by largest.

Largest by land area

McLean County

1,183 sq mi

2.1% of Illinois's land

Largest by population

Cook County

5,194,625 people

40.8% of Illinois's population

Sources: US Census Bureau, Population Estimates Program, Vintage 2025 Population Estimates, released 26 March 2026; US Census Bureau, Gazetteer Files, 2025 Gazetteer Files, released 10 September 2025. Retrieved 30 August 2026.

By land area

The ten largest counties of Illinois by land area. Land area excludes inland and coastal water.
RankNameLand areaPopulation
1McLean County1,183 sq mi171,419
2LaSalle County1,135 sq mi107,773
3Iroquois County1,117 sq mi26,150
4Livingston County1,044 sq mi35,057
5Champaign County996.1 sq mi209,972
6Cook County944.9 sq mi5,194,625
7Vermilion County898.3 sq mi71,259
8Bureau County869.1 sq mi32,510
9Sangamon County868.2 sq mi194,170
10Fulton County865.7 sq mi32,901

By population

The ten most populous counties of Illinois, from the Census Bureau's Vintage 2025 estimates.
RankNamePopulationDensity
1Cook County5,194,6255,497 per sq mi
2DuPage County934,2982,849 per sq mi
3Lake County719,3391,621 per sq mi
4Will County712,253852 per sq mi
5Kane County525,7571,012 per sq mi
6McHenry County317,751527 per sq mi
7Winnebago County283,674553 per sq mi
8Madison County263,110368 per sq mi
9St. Clair County250,708381 per sq mi
10Champaign County209,972211 per sq mi

And the smallest

Smallest by land area

Putnam County

160.1 sq mi

Least populous

Hardin County

3,588 people

More on Illinois

Rebuilt from source data 30 August 2026. How these figures are produced.