The largest county in New Mexico

There are two right answers. By land area it is Catron County; by population it is Bernalillo County. Which one you want depends on what you meant by largest.

Largest by land area

Catron County

6,924 sq mi

5.7% of New Mexico's land

Largest by population

Bernalillo County

667,601 people

31.4% of New Mexico's population

Sources: US Census Bureau, Population Estimates Program, Vintage 2025 Population Estimates, released 26 March 2026; US Census Bureau, Gazetteer Files, 2025 Gazetteer Files, released 10 September 2025. Retrieved 30 August 2026.

By land area

The ten largest counties of New Mexico by land area. Land area excludes inland and coastal water.
RankNameLand areaPopulation
1Catron County6,924 sq mi3,827
2Socorro County6,646 sq mi15,838
3Otero County6,613 sq mi70,368
4Chaves County6,067 sq mi63,364
5Rio Arriba County5,861 sq mi39,832
6San Juan County5,517 sq mi120,340
7McKinley County5,451 sq mi68,119
8Lincoln County4,831 sq mi19,844
9San Miguel County4,722 sq mi26,260
10Cibola County4,540 sq mi26,807

By population

The ten most populous counties of New Mexico, from the Census Bureau's Vintage 2025 estimates.
RankNamePopulationDensity
1Bernalillo County667,601575 per sq mi
2Doña Ana County229,09160.2 per sq mi
3Sandoval County159,56543.0 per sq mi
4Santa Fe County156,90782.1 per sq mi
5San Juan County120,34021.8 per sq mi
6Valencia County82,01376.9 per sq mi
7Lea County74,74917.0 per sq mi
8Otero County70,36810.6 per sq mi
9McKinley County68,11912.5 per sq mi
10Chaves County63,36410.4 per sq mi

And the smallest

Smallest by land area

Los Alamos County

109.1 sq mi

Least populous

Harding County

617 people

More on New Mexico

Rebuilt from source data 30 August 2026. How these figures are produced.